The map of the zone will have a set of permissible options for setting the land on the skin of the city. Theoretically meta zone- to receive the reduced health, the provision of safety that the population is good. The head of the way to the achievement of the chain of things podil the mindless strains of the victorious earth.

Zagalom is the main and the main parameter, which can be attributed to the new value of the world, the primus mobility of the work force. Streams that are generated by a robot, do not exclude this type of delimitation, but the analysis of the central districts of the cities, as it has already been broken by the authors from the presenters, is financed by the Valencian Institute of Statistics, as well as Mistobudivny plan Valencian spirituality. The skin of the cich is separated from each other, but the methodology is met: the areas are infused and central to visualize the polarization of the university structure, which is organizing the territory, which deprives the main flows of the similarity.

The first order of the zonuvannya vikoristovuvalysya rich, but you will not be able to let the slut with the people. In the 1880s, the San Francisco rockets took over the laws of the Chinese population, but they live there. If the segregation has been denounced unconstitutionally, the law on zonuvannya has been adopted in the locality, all the way to what was fenced in in singing areas. The law on zonuvannya is not overwhelmingly constitutional, some of it stands on the part of the suspicious good, the fence is not protected from the land (pіd pralі) in some living areas. Oskіlki more praleni from the locality was extinguished by the Chinese, the law on zonuvannya became the legitimate signs of segregation. Shvidke development of a bezrostannya middle of office services and workers of garment factories near New York in 1916 p. called to grow up a few low-paying women on the streets of the Manhattan area. The gentlemen of the shops on Bagatiy P'yatiy Avenue were afraid that they would see a great number of women in their old business, and they proponated the laws about zonuvannya, which were intertwined with the size and height of the awakening. The law has interconnected the growth of offices and garment factories, reducing the number of clerks and hawkers to walk on P'yatoy Avenue. The law about zonuvannya bouv vizneniya constitutional, to that, having seized the suspicious good, surrounded by lack of handiness, and by the high houses (zagorozhennya svitla, obmezhennya visibility).

Functional city regions monitor the flows from the world periphery to the center, as well as the criteria for uninterrupted space, productive specialization and professionalism. The model of cohesion can change, in relation to the other models, which also allows the flow of additional displacement, for the purpose of compact areas -523 → and not only in the centrality. On the view of all models, I will install differently unambiguous ones between the municipalities, and the same ones, which will be installed from the streams of the walking-sign or the sign-dzherel.

If you have a lifeless type of zone, you can take one meta:

  • The purpose of the zoning is one of the most insane views of the land.
  • In places of interest there is also a fiscal zoning, for the help of which it is possible to exclude homelessness, as you urge not to shy away from your contributions to the taxation of the land.
  • Design zoning with a unique macro-architecture: architectural management design rіznі vidi so much so that it is more effective than the infrastructure of the place.

Zonuvannya shkіdlivіkh injections

Establishment of zones, such as high-pressure injections (or zones of high-pressure injections), should be practiced for different types of landfills, as they are insane. Yak a classic butt, you can put the industry with glue: one of the ways to change the food to prevent atmospheric food from the glue is to move it to the industrial area, submit them to the living room. Thus, the very first-class efficiency of enterprises in the distribution of trade (traffic jam and noise) can be regulated by the path of the trade zones. The famous efects are established and the vein of the high gustini: large apartment booths There are problems with the passage and parking of vehicles, between the visibility and the fence around the light. Such new effects can be regulated by the path of the branch of the zone of high-class life.

In other words, the ruffs go from the central core to the periphery, as well as from the opposite side; the number of meanings is the mice of living, and the other is the misez of finding the viral virtue. The resulting area, the reference area, has become a functional area, which is structured in conjunction with the center, which dynamizes, if it is necessary to use the sides to mutually complement each other. At the bottom of the road, which can only see the flows from the periphery to the center, while the interconnecting functional areas, areas of overgrowth are displayed, the flow of debris and changes in modernity can be seen.

SHKIDLIVI VPLIVI PROMISLOVOSTI. Industrial enterprises cover all types of outbreaks, including noise, light, drank, smells, vibrations and dim. Zonuvannya podіlyaє zhitlove and promislove zemlelekoristuvannya, lowering the steps of obstructing atmospheric food and noise. How the ecological policy of the zone can be seen through its simplicity: the easiest way to reduce the flow of the problem dovkilla- Vidokremiti dzherela obrudneniya from potential victims. The problem of zonuvannya, how vikorisovutsya as the mechanism of environmental policy, the problem is that it doesn’t change the general public, but simply change it. As soon as in one place the industrial zone is located far from the city, it is closer to the inhabitants of the present place, then the industrial zone can be found in the surrounding area. Oskilki zonuvannya does not stimulate the enterprise until the level of obstruction is reduced, it is less effective, less tools to protect the midst.

Having installed the territorial boundaries of new functional units, the area of ​​sagging, it is possible to see it visually, from a glance, not as simple as a modern practical system and how the territory is organized. In most cases, the first decision was made to the number of those in the territorial region of the region of Valencia, which was given to the census.

Methodology for the delimitation of regions of development. The method of analysis is based on the common values ​​of streams between the various municipalities of the Valencian sports industry, which are considered a double-valued rank. There are two municipalities A and B, there are hundreds of people, both of which flow along both routes to the population living behind the place of residence, and the mission about the occupation of the skin from them. So the area is deformed, as if it took 15% of the active population of one municipality overrun, or else 15% of the workmanship in one municipality was taken over by the assets of the municipality.

ALTERNATIVE TO THE INDUSTRIAL ZONE: PENALTIES FOR DROPPED UNCLEANING OF WASTE The word "zabrudnennya" is often associated with the words "fines for uncleaned drains." The penalty for skidding unpurified waste water is a tribute to the obstruction of the mid-season. Looking at the efficiency of the tribute, the tribute can be raised to the level of the borderline vitrat for the struggle against the obstacles, tobto. deprivation on the basis of the suspiciousness of the pre-existing unit of obstruction. If, for example, 1 ton of sirka double oxide costs the suspension $ 2, then the fine for uncleaned wikidi is due to the cost of $ 2. for 1 ton. So it’s like paying for the stink, capital that syruin. The enterprise is an incentive to reduce the level of obstruction, the odds in the result of the production of the enterprise change for the obstruction. As soon as the penalty for uncleaned skips and roadblocks to the border vitrates is to struggle with obstructions, then the form will provide the optimal condition for obstruction.

In the first place, the municipality will fall, which will reject 15% of the occupied bags in the first term, in the head of the region and, in fact, in the nucleus of the supreme pratsi of the first. There are municipalities, in some of the industry's unruffiness, or in the municipalities, to those, at the link with the lesser earth, the bullet is straightened out second and third. The value of the threshold for interconnection is even more important, and there are more and more areas that can be generated. A time in 15% is approved by native lands which allows for more or less assimilation of results.

Theoretically, the system of penalties for uncleaned skidding and uncleaning, and the optimal level of obstruction, and the optimal amount of space for communication. As soon as the fine for uncleaned skid is raised, the enterprise pays more for interfering with the closest places (for example, living area). So, the penalty for unclean skids can be 2 dollars. for 1 ton, when the company is located 10 miles from the residential area, і 5 dollars. for 1 ton, for 4 miles. When explicit spacious system Penalties for discarding uncleaned wastewaters are accepted by the company as well as technological solutions, as well as food processing and distribution of penalties for discarding uncleaned wastewaters. As soon as the payment for the problem will be set as equal to the borderline vitrates for the fight against the obstacles, then the enterprise is picked up and the optimal size of the problem, and the optimal level of the obstacle.

Offensive numerical butt іlustru elementary matrix interconnected. For the development of the area of ​​construction, it is necessary to have a visitor of such a size. In інshih vypadki of the same munіcypalіt there are two "headings", tobto. in the form of rivnoy chi riznoyu world with different headings, so it is necessary to sign a unique application. Behind the wine of Sedavi and Godelli, municipalities with ten thousand inhabitants, there are often few demographic changes, so the flows, like the stink in the absolute rotational weakness, there can be a lot of high intensity

It is more beautiful than the difference between zones and fines for untreated wastewater, which is clearly visible with the following characteristics:

  1. People live in a remote part of the place and go to the robot on the skid, there is a steel plant, which makes the atmosphere difficult.
  2. Chim bilsha vidstan mіzh zhytlovym district and plant, tim vishche salary, for the help of some robots, compensate for the vitrati on the pendulum migration.
  3. Chim is bigger than a plant and a residential area, and a smaller fine for untreated wastewater. Due to the obstruction of the enterprise, the amount of the fine for untreated wastewater (dollars per ton) multiplied by the amount of foreign waste.
  4. There is a lot of policy of industrial zone being carried out at the place, including the steelmaking enterprise grows 10 miles away from the residential area.

Small. Ample fines for discarding uncleaned waste water and rational distribution: Sukupnі vitrati є a sum of vitrats for paying for prepaid and vitrata, which is difficult. (In the world of that, as the enterprise-dzherelo, difficulties move closer to the living area, they grow up from the difficulties (more people are hungry for the difficulties, I need to pay, I need to pay, and the work is difficult) change, the salary will decrease). Sukupnі vitrati is minimal from the driveway 4.2 miles from the zhitlovy area.

In order to reject all municipalities it is necessary to reconsider the inclusion of headings in other regions of the world, it seems to be impossible to consider, in the situation, as in the headings in the analysis of sub-regions.

On the map of the local food zone

Result: new bachennya of the regional city system. I would like to have a larger part of the local population of Valencia roztashovan on the Uzbek coast, especially in the province of Valencia and Castellon, in the Inter'eri - a significant number of regions of the city. The main characteristics of the areas of sgurtuvannya. Resident occupy the population = potik nadvir. Localized occupancy = because of the call.

The little one shows the sukupnі vitrati virobniztva of steel at the small monsters. Curve with a positive nagging shows vitrati to pay for the payment, yak growing for 20 dollars. for dilyantsi according to the zhitlovy area up to 63 dollars. near industrial zones (10 miles from the residential area). Curve with negative nagging depicts vitrati, tied from obstructions, which decrease from $ 60. on dilyantsi according to the zhitlovy area up to 5 dollars. near industrial zones. Zmіna scho s obrudnennya vitrati vіdbivaє zmіna wiglyadі penalty for obrudnennya, U-shaped curve showing sukupnі vitrati, tobto. a bag of vitrat to pay for the price of that vitrat, tied from the difficulties, which are reduced from 80 dollars. for a dilyanka in a zhitlovy area up to 53 dollars. for a carriage in the city of 4.2 miles from the residential area, and then grow up to 70 dollars. zones.

Protect the significance of the cich haluzei is even more important. More than half of them are stored in two municipalities, and deprived of Valencia, Castellon and Gandia by the head offices of districts, approved by more than 10 municipalities. Municipalities, which set up regions of the city.

As a matter of fact, there are also some strong contrasts in the intensity and nature of the flows, which are indicative of the emerging basic processes of functional integration. Otzhe, at the Valencian spirituality it is possible to name it.

It is admitted that a collection of enterprises will be near the industrial zones. In the world, it’s like it’s moving right next to the living area, to see the vigodi that vitrati. As soon as a company comes up to its own workers, in the world of that, as the enterprise is getting closer to its workers, it’s worth dropping on the payment. If you suffer from vitrate, then you will get fines for the removal of unpurified waste waters, and that if you throw off the enterprises, you will get more people, if you have a connection with vitrati, you will grow up. For urahuvannya forms of crooked vitrates for the payment of work and vitrates, tied from obrudnenny, sukupnі vitrati are minimal at a distance of 4.2 miles from the zhitlovo district. As soon as the city has changed the policy of the zone to switch to the policy of fines for obstruction, then the steelmaker can transfer from the industrial zone to the districts of 4.2 miles from the residential area, which will be reduced to a decrease in the sum of 53 dollars from 70 dollars.

Detailed analіz tsogo analіzu vіdmіnnostey dozvolyaє doslіdzhuvati teritorіalnu company profile factuality tendentsіy produktsії naybіlsh neschodavnє zrostannya that rozvitok tipologії areas zgurtovanostі, SSMSC mozhut Buti pov'yazanі prostorovimi of that particular model zrostannya: megapolіsi s abo without Stolichnaya pіdtsentrіv, promislovі area, regіonalnі servіsnі centerand toscho.

On the other hand, an analysis of the "real places" is often changing the way of organizing the region, and the characteristics of the world’s system. It is possible, one of the most beautiful aspects of the whole of the high level of functional integration, can be manifested by a transfer to the main coastal centers of the city. Those same vidbuvayutsya at the vipad in the place of Castellon and also in the common municipalities in the regions of Alcalaten and Alto Michares. The analysis of the mіskoy ієrarchії is also used by the authorities of the regions of the city.

The policy of penalties for the removal of uncleaned wastewater is effective for the policy of the zone for two reasons. In the first place, the policy of fines allows the enterprise to rob the place of rooting, which is the smallest of vitrati. From a suspicious point of view, a new place is more effective from a glance at those who save money on vitrates for pendulum migration (like showing a crooked vitrate to pay for prats), changing growth, pay for obstruction (paying for money for crookedness) In a different way, the policy of penalties for discarding uncleaned wastewaters should be paid for absorbed waste, through which it will be reduced to the optimal level.

In such a rank, the index of regional persistence is meaningfully growing, in order to see this great place, the substitute for the great municipal minds: a hundred, what a transfer, but from the place of Valencia, the first place in the region to become 66.2%, to 56.2%.

Victory of the regions should be built up to the onset of the general population. Primarily, well, the voluntarism of functional projects of integration -530 → mіzh Alikante and Yelkom, offended by the place, is very close to the proximity of the voluntarism of functional projects.

Why all companies - it’s difficult to transfer your license from the industrial zone, if you go from the policy of the industrial zone to the policy of penalties for discarding uncleaned wastewater? Firma get lost in the industrial zone, if it’s crooked to pay for the embarrassment, but it’s steep for the crooked vitrat to pay for the price. In general, if the transfer is closer to the living area, pay for the problem until it grows up, moreover, for the amount that will change the reduction of vitrates for the payment of prats, at the connection with which the backbones of the virus grow up. Against the policy of penalties for skidding, nevertheless, it is effective, below the promises of a zone, more than that, we reduce the amount of money to the optimal level.

Vikoristannya oblasts zgurtuvannya zbіlshu stupid graph, the functionally significant significance of the whole group of places, more and less populations, like to take place in the th municipal area. The main ideas of the completely municipal demographic іnrarchії are in the vicinity of the Torrent, hoping for the region of valencia, and the emergence of Benidorm, whose region of burrowing is rather important.

At the junction of the tsim, the functional level appears to be significantly smaller, less cleaned up, opening up the great steps of the face in the Myskiy Architecture. Economic and demographic re-implementation, as it is seen by the rest of the rock, in the presence of new analytical tools for solving territorial problems and the potential of regional micro-systems in the context of new tendencies The victorious "regions of growth" are created in the whole ideal sense, the oskilks, as they have been zagalom at the drop of the Valencian spirit, will allow the development of a new capacity of small and teritorially thin foldable systems,

Why is it to fight against industrial entrances of the place to stop the zone, and not to fine for the skidding? There are two main reasons. In the first place, the industrial zone is simpler because of the system of penalties for discount. In order to set up the size of fines, it is necessary to assess the borderline vitrates to fight against difficulties for the other districts of the city, and to steal fines and in order to get control of the company - dzherela obstruction. Apparently, it would be simpler to develop all enterprises - it was dzherela zabrudnennya near industrial zones. In another way, moving from the zone to fines for the removal of money can be made at the same time. Unimportant to those who, in the minds of the policy, fines the enterprise less than those who are talking about it, they can grow closer to the residential area. To that, in some regions of the world, you can increase your maturity. Those who find it difficult to find themselves on the optimal level, є weakly for the quiet, who are forced to get into trouble. Moving to fines for discarding untreated wastewaters will allow the improvement of efficiency, so that it will turn into a pure, suspicious vigode, so, in principle, you can pay extra for those who get a lot of trouble. As a matter of fact, compensation is practiced in the edge of the country, so that at the time of the meeting there is an antipolicy penalty for discarding untreated wastewater.

At the same time, in the middle of the year, it is possible to promote the phenomenon of -531 → “rosy place”, as it is possible to bachiti near the places of Valencia and Castellon, which can be reached from the distant districts; more precisely in terms of the functional development of industrial centers; that reconversion of the developmental processes of functional integration, the actions of which are often crooked, so that they can be brought to a foldable small typology.

Spіvpratsya as well as planning the European territory. Milan, Franco Angeli, str. 417. The headquarters of the direct planning of the territorial activities - the University of Girona, Department of Geography. Provincial Territorial Department of Catalonia. Vivchennya territorial information and interpretations, Zagalny directly planning and territorial activities.

VIROBNICHO-TEKHNICHNE ZONUVANNYA. At the heart of the traditional zone is the map of the zone and forget it. The zone map has a zonal classification, tobto. carrying out the skin area of ​​the land until this area, and in turn - the classification of the permissible forget for the skin area. As the state's efficiency is meant as an important industry, the leather industry, as it is good, can be used in the area of ​​important industry, no doubt, that it’s for the sake of the smell of a skin-like noise An alternative to the traditional zoning is performance zoning, whereby for the dermal zone I will set up virobnicho-technical standards. Hundreds of industrial enterprises virobnicho-technical standards, as a rule, set the upper values ​​of noise, bright light, smell, vibrations, gases and dim. Virobnicho-technical zonuvannya - tse a kind of compromise between traditional zonuvannya and fines for obstruction. They do not care about those who do not have a widespread and technical zone, they do not pay for business, but they still have to reduce the amount of money that is difficult for them, so that they are more environmentally friendly to the wide range of enterprises.

The capital is based on plans and territories. Department of Community Robots, Urbanism and Transport. "Reconceptualization of the cultural market practice: space, segmentation and power", "Progress in the geography of people", 1, p. 42. It is unwise to accept the proposition, it is based on the stagnation in the excessive insecticide, because it cannot be stuck through the visibility of the raspberries on the surface. The lack of a fact was indicated that the transmission in the region was small, and that the efficiency of the internal administration was compromised.

ШКІДЛИВІ ВПЛИВИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВО ROZDRIBNOЇ TORGIVLІ. With the distribution shops of dressings, there are a number of unique effects that can be used to infuse people who live by fiction. Cars driving to shops, traffic jams, noise and folding in parkings. For the change of such unattractive inheritance, a zone of distribution trade will be established at the card of the zone. For example, the zonuvannya zaschischaє spokіynі zhitlovі areas and in the flood of buyers and cars that comrades can deliver.

All the same, obviously, there was a decrease in the efficiency of visits. The bulo is also numb, so that victoriousness can be found in the future. As soon as possible, it was established that the propositions of the non-governmental organization, and the provinces adopted the strategy of control through the important epidemiological, ethnological, economical and social officials, who made the last changes in the future

Timing for an hour at Brazilian feast, tied during the development of the Amazon, they received a significant increase in the number of painters. At the end of the day, a number of innovations have been made to minimize the problem and to prevent the control over the transfer of paint in the wine region of the country. Among them are some of them, as they are important, they see, as described below.

In the minds of the virobnico-technical zone, it is possible for the enterprises of the distribution trade to grow up near the singing zones for the mind, so that the stench will not preserve the visibility of the ecological noise standards for parking intensity. For the skin area, it is possible to establish a minimum number of parking space, speed and noise. With the norms of crops, we need to fix the commercial enterprises to avoid the problem of parking outside the streets, which allows us to cope with the problem of parking, the installation of road signs and reduced roads to solve the problems of the ruins. The virobnico-technical zone allows you to let the merchant and the zhitlov forget about it, so that the commercial enterprises of the retail trade are going to come in for the purpose of grabbing the bags of people from the non-business

INVOLVEMENT, STVORYUЄMO ZHITLOVY ZABUDOVKO. Forgetting the negative emotions of life, forget to be like the main life of high school. Let it be admitted that the forgetful will be the chotiri-upper apartment complex near the district, forgotten by the one-upper booths in one homeland. The luggage-apartment booth must be built until the intensity is increased, the noise is blocked up, and it will also be drunk on the parking lot when there is a shortage of the parking space. In addition, there is a large apartment building outside the city of the city to the sacks of the middle class of the country and the sleepy light.

In the minds of the traditional zonuvannya in the area with a residential low gustini, there will be a lot of apartment booths. The tradition of the zonuvannya zonuvannya sacking of one-family houses from the last efects in the path of the vicious life of the high gustin.

An alternative to the traditional zone is virobnicho-technical zone. If the zoning policy is carried out on the basis of virobnicho-technical standards for large apartment booths, it will be possible to forget about the same, as if the forgotten vison was to say:

  1. Provide a place for parking outside the street. The zabudovnik possesses the ability to reach the spacious parking lot behind the street borders, so that problems from the parking lot are not allowed.
  2. Make sure that I’m stuck in the street. Forbidden to rally the robots from the possession of the street, so that they do not allow the transition to the ruch.
  3. Budivli project. Budivlya will be designed in such a way that you don’t curl up the beauty of that sleepy light. Zabudovnik vikoristovuє landscaping for the opening of the buffer between a large apartment booth and one-family booths.

At the heart of the technical-technical zone is a thought about the apartment booths because of the real heritage of the residential area, and not just at the sight of the fact that life is very dense. As far as the high school days are concerned, they do not include negative positive effects, they should be allowed to stay in a particular area.

Financial zone

Another type of zonuvannya vikoristovuyu to the fact that the organization of the monastic government finances the communal government for additional payments on the mine. In the minds of the financial zonuvannya misto viklyuchaє I will appear homegrown, how to lay down a financial tycoon on the budget of the place. It is permissible that homelessness lives on in the community-by-servants for 3 yew. dollars, and I will rally only 2 yew. dollars at the viglyadi of muscular tributes on the unruly mineo. Such is the homegrownness of a wide range of financial taxes, to which one of the contributions from the viglyad is the lesser kind of vitrate for the virobnism of communal services, which is good for them. Financial requirements can be changed:

  1. housekeeping, scho at the booths of high school;
  2. homegrown, scho lingering in the outskirts of the city;
  3. forget about the new commercial and promiscuous.

VISCOUS OF HARDNESS. Paying money to the money budget є a tribute to the money. At the touch of a time, for the growth of a borrowed life, there is a lot of money for a housekeeping, for a housekeeping, for a small housekeeping, for an apartment, for a small amount of money for a living own. The organisation of the world power will not be able to get away from the homeliness by means of the establishment of zones for a life of low scholarship (high parity).

Zonuvannya by the way the establishment of the minimum allowable area of ​​the dalyanok viznacha the minimum size land lot I’ll forget the earth and life є with other goods, because instead of being able to change the size of the land plot, one by one, set up the minimum number of the booth. It is admitted that it is not possible to reach the level of bezbitknost at the beginning of the work of 125 yew. dol .: sum of pays, scho viplachyutsya backwards, dor_vnyuє vitrats for securing the homelessness, scho borrowing booths, communal services. As you show the approximate size, the market value of the land becomes close to 20% of the outside value of the mine (the value of the current land). Yakshho price of land for roads 50 yew. dollars per acre, then a house with an area of ​​1/2 acre (land parcel - 25 thousand dollars.) dollars (5 x 25 thousand dollars). Minimal room with an area of ​​1/2 acre allows you to take care of the situation, with which the owner of the house is still able to use the vitrat for a wide range of communal services for all new buddies.


Small. Zonuvannya by the way Establishment of the minimum permissible area for dilyok and the price for the land: Fixed a bit of land (120 acres) to spread between the same apartment booths... For the duration of the establishment of the minimum permissible area, the price for the land should be 20 thousand. dollars per acre, and the land spreads in equal proportions between apartments and booths (60 acres per skin type; points A and S). As the area of ​​land before the large apartment booths changes to 40 acres (point E), for single-family booths it will be 80 acres (point Z). The price of the land for the large apartment booths grows up to 40 yew. dollars, and from one-family booths fall to 15 yew. dollars

More beautiful than the intelligence of the zonuvannya by the way of the establishment of areas of small houses on the local market of land, the locally unrecognized place, de є 120 acres of unforgettable land. The yak is shown to the little one, the price of land is equally important for the road 20 yew. dollars per acre. For such a price, the sukupniy will drink on the ground the road style propositions, and the land will spread in equal proportions between the one-family and large apartment booths (60 acres each for the skin type of the building).

It is permissible that the place has a solution about zoning, depending on what kind of area there is for business large apartment buildings bordered by 40 acres. What will become from an equally important price on the ground? For a tiny place, a crooked crooked drink on the ground from a large apartment booth from point B to point E: oskilki for the construction of large apartment booths є less than 40 acres, those who forget are ready to pay 40 yew. dollars per acre of land from a large apartment booth. At the same hour, the place will destroy the curve and drink down from point A to point C: now, there are one-family houses є 80 acres and the surplus of land is lowering the price from 20 to 15 thousand. dollars

The whole butt is to indicate the inheritance of the zone by the way of the establishment of the minimum permissible area for farms for landowners and living conditions. Zonuvannya to rob the land from the apartment with a shortage of goods, the same owners of the land from large apartment booths play from a similar zone. I navpaki, zonuvannya to produce before the land for one-family budinks є honored, to that the masters of the earth, designated for one-family budinks, program. And yak schodo happy life? Growth of parcels of land for large-scale buildings will be built up to the level of development of apartments, so we will design a lot of apartments. I navpaki, the part of the earth under one-family booths falls, also the buyers of the booths play.

VIKLYUCHNE І INCLUSIVE ZONE. Zonuvannya by the way of establishing the minimum permissible area for dilyanoks is often called zoning, which is exclusionary zoning, which is why it is vicariously homeless with low incomes. Vinatok is straight and indirect. At the pointed sight, the area around the path was set to the minimum permissible area of ​​the houses to grow 20 acres of land for the period of the large apartment buildings. Oscillations of household donations with a large amount of money to borrow apartments, a change in the number of large apartment houses, a change in the number of household donations due to a low income. In addition, the policy of zonuvannya is leading to the development of apartments, one by one, including households with low incomes: apartments, which are expected to be expensive, are too expensive for everyday households.

For the resolution of the problem of inclusion in the cities of the region, the mechanisms of zoning have appeared, which include (inclusionary zoning). Within the framework of the programs, which include zonuvannya, the organization of the muscular power of the goiters will knit the muscular forgetfuls of the buduvati for household donations with low incomes. As a rule, life for such household donations is sold for a price, lower as a matter of business. Nadayuchi livelihood, scho subsidies, to the big people with low incomes, the local support of the private sector compensates for the inheritance of the financial zone. Most of the living, prompted by the vicarious, includes zonuvannya, as a rule, є living for people not with low, but sooner, because of average incomes, and at the same hour reckon with living for the price of living, designated for a category of people with low incomes.

And who will pay for vitrati, tied to zones, which includes? Vimoga zvedennya zhitla, how to subsidize, there are inherits, but also a tribute to forget. It is permissible that the wake-up company builds five weekends for the program, which includes a zone, and consumes at a total of 10 thousand. dollars on the skin booth, tobto. the sum has only 50 yew. dollars If a forgetful person will get a call to 50 days for sale on an open market, then, in fact, a tribute on the skin of a skin will become 1 yew. dollars (50 thousand dollars. X 50). The stranger will neglect the zero economic influx (normal regional influx) due to the manifestation of the absence of the zone, which includes, that the implicit tax will be shifted to the survivors (the price of growing up) and the landowners In other words, for the zone, which includes, to pay living and living conditions and landowners.

VIKORISTANYA LANDED EARTH. New zhitlo zvychay will be on the outskirts of the metropolitan area. If you are interested in public utilities services for the outskirts of districts, then payments that can be received by the baggage of these districts may be lower for the participation of these services. That newer life can be reimagined into a financial tyagar for a place.

More beautiful than intelligence is the essence of financial traction, opened by the vein of the outskirts of districts, which can be discerned with the following characteristics:

  1. In-line middle vitrati for public utilities services to pay 500 dollars. for homegrown on rіk.
  2. Typical housekeeping by volodya budinkom vartistu 50 yew. dollars that rallied the tribute to the mine at the price of 500 dollars. on rik (1% of rinkovaya partosti).
  3. Forgetful, having proponuvuv the plan of the new zhitlovo, forget the outskirts of the land. Rinkov's part of the new buddies as they are, as well as new ones (50 thousand dollars).
  4. New business will require the expansion of the city's municipal government (expansion of streets, improvement of channelization, expansion of bus routes). The number of servicing staff for new buildings becomes $ 600. for homegrown on rіk.

For qih, lettuce kozhen noviy booth opening of the financial tyagar at the size of 100 dollars. for a pik ($ 600 - $ 500). The only way to secure the new budget and the financial traction tied to it is to bring the land into the wilderness from the village of Vilnius. If it is necessary to establish the minimum permissible size of a dilyanka with an area of ​​20 acres, then there will be no new buildings on the ground, and there will also be no need to expand the communal government of the city.

An alternative to seeing zones for living in low gustin є a supplementary tribute in the new building. It is permissible that, in the place of zaprovadzhu an additional tribute for a new house near the house of $ 100. on pik. Donate crops'yazannya of the ruler of the new life will cost 600 dollars. for a ric (500 dollars for a viglyad, a tribute for a mine, and 100 dollars for a viglyad for an additional tax), and a bag of a new house will start paying vitrati for new communal services. An additional tribute to usun is financial tyagar, which is a new life, that instead of having a greater amount of money, there are calls on a new life.

To replace a small donation tax, you can introduce a one-time payment for a potential tax (impact fee) or a tax for forgetting (development tax). Rallying developmental zbir, forgetful of compensating for the financial organs of power, which is a new development. Yaksho misto otrima from the forgetful 1 yew. dollars If you have a one-time withdrawal and a penny deposit to the bank for 10% of the children, then you can start up a small percentage income (100 dollars) for a small amount of money, and with flexible, reliable, and vitrates for securing new budgets for communal-popping. services. Who should pay a one-off payment for a potential game? On the competitive market, the forgetful will reject the zero economical influx, so that the zbir is shifted to the co-workers (the price of life is growing) and the landowners (the price falls on the ground).

Lіlіdal and іn. (1988) gives a description of the mechanisms for the selection of potential schools in the following states: California, Florida, Oregon and Colorado. The Californian city of socialism may have the right to enter a barricade for transport infrastructure (bridges, main roads and highways), water supply systems, canalization, parks and schools. In 1985 p. in the San Francisco Bay area, the average price for the potential of the game is 3527 dollars. from the house і 9500 - at San Diego. Florida has the most widespread fees for the potential of the cricket є the choice for water and canalization; 1985 p. zbіr for the potential of the wits having become in the middle 3 yew. dollars on a zhitlo. In Oregon, zbori for potential zbitki are called system fences for development, the most appropriate way to go to the installation of water supply systems, canalization, streets and parks. In the 1980s, rockets in the metropolitan area of ​​Portland were paid for the potential of the game in the middle of 2500 dollars. from one living. Outside Colorado, in places from Colorado Springs to Fort Collins, including the Denver area, it is more common to enter water supply systems, canalization, parks, water supply and street ownership.

COMMERCIAL І PROMISLOVE BUDIVNITSTVO. The business community and industry have become an important financial driver for the budget budget. As soon as the place does not go to the cross-section of the vitrati on the stem of the new infrastructure on the new enterprises and services, then it is possible to interconnect the development with a path:

  1. zaprovadzhennya obmezhenya on the visible land for commercial and industrial development;
  2. zaprovadzhennya obmezhen for the duration of the day.

Not long ago, in San Francisco, a map of the zone was solidified, so that it would be adjacent to the central area. The policy is focused on the interconnection of a number of people, who work at the center of the city. By the way, the number of workers at the center of the office is able to control the intensity of the collapse on the bridges, which leads to the place, and there are some traffic jams on all of them. An alternative to the policy of the zone could be an increase in the throughput capacity of bridges, and tied with a cym of vitrati would be a pity for new services. Oskіlki price is unrealistic, the place has become victoriously the mechanism of the zone, for the help of which it is possible to encircle the state of the art of occupation.

In the case of some towns and cities with commercial and industrial facilities, they are striving for potential caps, and the best way from these caps is to be directed to the expanded transport fencing. For example, in the Westchester district, at the entrance of Los Angeles, forgetful people rally the development of a new fund at the price of 2010 dollars. for a skin-to-go trip in the year when new offices appear. Nadkhodzhennya from the picks for the potential of the wagons to recline on the expanded roads, so that the vicarious service of the new offices. Fight for the potential of the beatings can change the financial burden of the future, lowering the anti-new forgetting.

Project zone

The third type of zone is a type of macroarchitecture. So itself as an architect of the project, okremiy budinok, a small budget planner of a place, changing the vision of performance, so that it is possible to more efficiently manage the infrastructure (streets, sewage systems), water supply. Dodatkovy bags and workmanship directly to the districts, for which it is possible without problems to provide the necessary infrastructure.

DIRECT SUSPENSION. I will forget to put the zhitlov right next to the pedestrian districts in the first places for the help of the zone. The type of zone is brighter than the intelligence, the metropolitan area is discernible because of the following characteristics:

  1. Є 50 acres of green land: 25 acres per day from the city and 25 acres per day.
  2. Misto wanted to build 500 new households on the land.
  3. According to the previously seen distribution of zones on both dilyankas, 10 residents per acre were encouraged, tobto. 250 households may live at pivnich and 250 at pivdn.

It is permissible that the policy of the zone is to exchange glances. It was praised for the decision to save the wine for the unforgettable, and all 500 household gifts for the development of the house for the house. The price can be broken down by the way of introducing a private house for a low-income life, and a new one - for 20 residents per acre. Yak look at the zonuvannya in full on the ground? Pereglyanutsya zonuvannya options to reduce the price of the land on the winter, so that the landlord is less than the options for the land tenure. I navpaki, the landlord has more options at home, so the price for the land at the time of growth. It is quite obvious that the change in the policy of the zone will turn into unfairness: the landowners in the first place play for the rakhunok of the landowners.

An alternative to the zoning policy is the transferable development rights (TDRs) system. Before the hour of conducting the PPZ policy, instead of leaving the preservation zone (pivnochі) and the zone of forgetting (development zone) (pivdnі). On a new day, it will be transferred to a distribution of 10 budinks per acre, so that Pan Yugu (a new landlord) will be able to spend 250 budgets. Pani Pivnich (pivnichny landowner) will not be allowed to forget his land, but I will not forget 250 forgotten coupons. With the help of a number of coupons near the zone, you can forget about the interconnection by establishing zones. Yakshcho Pan Pivden to spend 20 living on one acre of land, if you want to buy 10 forgotten coupons from Pan Pivnich. The policy of the PPZ gives the skin landlord the right to forget (the right to stay 250 inhabitants) that allows landowners near the reserve zones to transfer their right to forget to the other districts of the place. In addition, as a private landowner to sell his coupon, I would like to receive a partial compensation for the loss at the size of his landlord, to the wikklican of the transfer of his land to the zone designated for the last Victory Day.


Small. Rinks of inheritance of change of policy of the zone and mechanism of transfer of rights to forget: In the minds of the cob, the price of land for land is 50 thousand. dollars per acre. If the result of the change in the policy of the zone of private land is to enter the reserve zone, then it will drink on the new land when it grows (increasing the price of up to 60 thousand dollars), but in the new land it will decrease (lowering the price for a fraction) to 30 thousand dollars. With the introduction of the mechanism of the PPZ, personal landowners will recognize the forgotten coupons, which give them the opportunity to bypass the confusion for the scholarship in the zone, forget it. Weakened obmezhene after thickening to grow up to the growth of the soil on the ground from 60 to 75 yew. dollars, so the landowners are ready to pay up to 15 thousand. dollars for forgetting coupons per acre.

On the little one is shown the inflow of the zone and PPZ on the price on the ground on the pivdn and on the pivnoch. In the minds of the cob ravnauga (on both dalyankas it is allowed to build 10 buildings per acre), the land is sold for 50 thousand rubles. dollars per acre. It is acceptable that the land at the beginning of the day is brought into the reserve zone, but at the beginning of the day it is still possible to add 10 budgets per acre. The change in the policy of the zone of private land is reduced to a price of 30 thousand. dollars, so the landlord is older than the options, forget it. For that, as the land at winter is brought out of the market for living, forget that when there is a shortage of land for living, forget to raise the price of living land to 60 thousand rubles. dollars Due to the obviousness of the mechanism of the PPZ, the landowners will recognize the forgotten coupons, for the help of which they can bypass the marginalization (10 inhabitants per acre) near the forget zone. The weakening of smallness for the schilnistyu give the new landowners more options to forget, giving the market parity of the land from 60 to 75 yew. dollars Pivdenny landowners are ready to pay up to 15 thousand rubles. dollars yew. dollars

The PPZ system lowers the level of injustice, the establishment of reserve zones. For the duration of the possibility of transferring rights, the owner of the land at the reserve zone is known for the amount of money at the size of 20 thousand. dollars per acre (50 thousand dollars - 30 thousand dollars). I navpaki, if it is allowed to become 20 budinks per acre, then new landowners gain an income of 25 yew. dollars per acre. With the introduction of the mechanism of the PPZ, the owner of the land in the reserve zone, the sale of his right to be forgotten to the landowners in the zone, forget it for 15 thousand. dollars per acre, that is, it is clear that the policy of the zone is being carried out, it becomes less than 5 yew. dollars I navpaki, the owner of the land in the zone, forget to pay 15 yew. dollars for an acre, you must deny the right to spend more than 10 days per acre, which is clear because of the policy of the zone, which is carried out, to become less than 10 yew. dollars per acre.

How do you sign the part of forgotten coupons? Coupons may have a positive price, so the stink will allow the landowners in the zone to forget to transfer the extra money to the scholarship. Rinkov's price is to lay off the value of the coupons for the payment of the amount of money: if the coupons allow 100% of the growth of proficiency, then, unreasonably, the value of the extra money, less than the bonus for the stink gave 15% Rinkov's price to stay as well as to eat for a life of high school in the zone, forget it. If the housekeeping will come to drink on a living of low scholarship in the zone, forget it, then the forgetful person will not know the coupon, forget it, and the price will be obviously low. I navpaki, if in the zone forget it є a significant drink on the life of a high gustin, then the price of a coupon will be very high.

STVORENNYA ZONES VІDKRITOGO SPACE. In some places around the land, the land is brought in from the open spaces, green belts, or the secular zones. The Danish type of zonuvannya allows local residents of mothers to open spaces, on some landowners to fence off the land vikoristovuvati viklyuchno vlasniy razdud.

How effective is the connection of land to open space? An alternative to zonuvannya is an extravagant wikup of the earth before the open space. As soon as there is a place to win the land, and if you don’t zonuvati її, win to surrender it from the unconquered viglyadі, if only the borderline vigoda of the open space is connected with border vitrati. As soon as it is not possible to carry the view of the opening to the open space, it is necessary to establish the optimal size of such space. And navpaki, if it’s just a place to just go to the zone and in such a rite to bring the earth into the open space, then it’s just that the space will be great.


Small. Ineffectiveness of the opening of the open space: An alternative to the open space, the cost of the land for an alternative victorian (for living). The optimal size of the open space should be 60 acres (if the curve of the boundary view overtakes the curve of the boundary vitrates). If the place does not compensate the landowners for the loss of space, the establishment of zones in open space, then it saves all 100 acres (the point in which the borderline is in the open space is zero).

The little one presents vitrati and vigodi in an open space. The curve of the borderline view is negative nahil, which depicts the fall-off borderline view of the open space. Boundary vitrati on the open space є an alternative to the open space Zhitlovo Budivnistvo... Yaksho, for example, household companies are ready to pay 20 thousand rubles. dollars for the unforgettable land, then the border of the open space is 20 yew. dollars acrev. The effective growth of the land: one hundred percent of the first 60 acres of open space, the value of the land in the open space, the value of the land from the living forgetfulness. Hundreds of areas from 61 to 100 acres The value of the land from the forgotten changing the value of the land from the open space, from which 40 acres are seen before I forget.

According to the relevant legislation, the following are carried out at once: the area for health promotion; area of ​​the territory of the settlement; zonuvannya surrounding areas


Zonuvannya territory є two types of interconnected processes. One of them is a field near the zone of cordons for the skin zone. The Іnshiy - at the designated in the skin boundaries of the given zones of the legal regime, so it is itself and everything, which is located above that surface. According to the current land legislation, it was adopted as territorial zones.


Approved to the station. 1 of the Federal Law "On the state land cadastre" from the territorial zone to the state legislation, which is characterized by a special legal regime of the land administration, and the inter-state significance for the zone of lands, according to the legislation, middle ground and іnshim legislation of the Russian Federation and legislation of sub'єktyv of the Russian Federation.


The territorial zone is known for land management (Article 1 of the Federal Law "About land management"). Vіdomosti about the territorial zone of guilt are taken from the sovereign land cadastre (Art. 1 and 12 of the Federal Law "About the state land cadastre").


Zonuvannya territory of the Russian Federation - on the right is specific that is not easy. Formation of territorial zones often develops into a special capacity.


On the rise of the problems of the zone of territories in our land, we negatively infuse two closely related factors between themselves: the visibility of the theory and practice is greater than the weary glances at the zone of territories; the visibility of the relevant and narrow legislation on the zone of territories.


An important role is played by the part of the land in the system and the place of fallow through the function of zones. The system of the place is the price of the elements and the sounds that appear in the vast expanse of the place.


The following zones have been formed on the territory of the city:

1. Residential area - the place of residence of the population.

2.promislova - concentration of the main industrial enterprises:

3. Recreation - tse zoni zooseredzhennya valuable natural objects (rivers, natural water, forest parks):

4. Central region - a place of distribution of the authorities of power, management and cultural establishment.

Zones of the city are the fragments of the territory of the place, which form the planuval structure of the place:

The criteria for the zone of the territory of the place lie in the following characteristics:

1.landscaping (features of the relief of mists):

2. transport accessibility:

3.From the values ​​\ u200b \ u200bof polish.


Misto is a piece of the middle, so it’s worth the value of the facility.


Coefficient of value to lay down in transport accessibility
Kts = Zagalny / Do max


In the world of change in transport accessibility, the price for the object of non-hassle is steadily decreasing.


Links that structure on the territory of the place.


To lay down on a number of factors: 1) as a factor - the main social factor behind the addition of a good amount of money in the middle of the road and in the transport flow. 2) The economic link (material link) is based on the cost of an object of non-hassleness and to lay down the standard of practice and the cost of the object. 3) The percentage of the territory of the defect is injected into the part of the defect, and the connection to the part of the defect is injected into the third factor, which is injected into the part of the defect.


The width of the previous part at the center of the place.


The width of the transport zone in the world extends to the center of the city. great places and significantly infuses into the value of the obscurity for the transport capacity in the center of the city.